Nearsightedness, technically known as myopia, is a condition which causes difficulty focusing on objects at a distance, while near vision remains normal. Myopia is one of the most common vision problems worldwide and it is on the rise.
Myopia Causes
While the blurred vision associated with myopia can be “corrected” by glasses or contacts, the actual cause of myopia is increased growth of the eye itself. For clear vision, light should come to a focus point directly onto the back of the eye at the retina. In myopia, the eye is longer than usual, resulting in a focus point that falls in front of the retina, causing distant objects to appear blurry, while close objects can be seen normally.
The increased eye growth that results in myopia is influenced by several factors. The likelihood of children developing myopia increases if their parents are myopic. There is also an increased risk for children who spend more time indoors, and more time focusing on near tasks such as reading books or digital devices.
Myopia Signs and Symptoms
People with myopia are usually able to see well up close, but have difficulty seeing objects at a distance. Due to the fact that they may be straining or squinting to see into the distance, they may develop headaches, eye fatigue or eye strain.
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Diagnosis of Myopia
Myopia is diagnosed by an eye examination with an qualified optometrist. During the exam the optometrist will determine the visual acuity of the eye to prescribe eye glasses or contact lenses. A prescription for myopia will be a negative number such as -1.75.